| 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230231232233234235236237238239240241242243244245246247248249250251252253254255256257258259260261262263264265266267268269270271272273274275276277278279280281282283284285286287288289290291292293294295296297298299300301302303304305306307308309310311312313314315316317318319320321322323324325326327328329330331332333334335336337338339340341342343344345346347348349350351352353354355356357358359360361362363364365366367368369370371372373374375376377378379380381382383384385386387388389390391392393394395396397398399400401402403404405406407408409410411412413414415416417418419420421422423424425426427428429430431432433434435436437438439440441442443444445446447448449450451452453454455456457458459460461462463464465466467468469470471472473474475476477478479480481482483484 |
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en" data-base-path="/cpp-httplib">
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8">
- <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
- <title>Basic Server - cpp-httplib</title>
- <link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/cpp-httplib/favicon.svg">
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="/cpp-httplib/css/main.css">
- <script>
- (function() {
- var t = localStorage.getItem('preferred-theme');
- if (!t) t = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').matches ? 'light' : 'dark';
- if (t === 'light') document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'light');
- })();
- </script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <header class="header">
- <div class="header-inner">
- <a href="/cpp-httplib/en/" class="header-title">cpp-httplib <span style="font-size:0.75em;font-weight:normal;margin-left:4px">v0.36.0</span></a>
- <div class="header-spacer"></div>
- <nav class="header-nav">
- <a href="/cpp-httplib/en/">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"/><polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"/></svg>
- Home
- </a>
-
-
- <a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><polygon points="16.24 7.76 14.12 14.12 7.76 16.24 9.88 9.88 16.24 7.76"/></svg>
- Tour
- </a>
-
-
-
- <a href="https://github.com/yhirose/cpp-httplib" aria-label="GitHub">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><path d="M9 19c-5 1.5-5-2.5-7-3m14 6v-3.87a3.37 3.37 0 0 0-.94-2.61c3.14-.35 6.44-1.54 6.44-7A5.44 5.44 0 0 0 20 4.77 5.07 5.07 0 0 0 19.91 1S18.73.65 16 2.48a13.38 13.38 0 0 0-7 0C6.27.65 5.09 1 5.09 1A5.07 5.07 0 0 0 5 4.77a5.44 5.44 0 0 0-1.5 3.78c0 5.42 3.3 6.61 6.44 7A3.37 3.37 0 0 0 9 18.13V22"/></svg>
- GitHub
- </a>
-
-
- </nav>
- <div class="header-tools">
- <button class="search-btn" aria-label="Search (⌘K)">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"/><line x1="21" y1="21" x2="16.65" y2="16.65"/></svg>
- </button>
- <button class="theme-toggle" aria-label="Toggle theme"></button>
-
- <div class="lang-selector">
- <button class="lang-btn" aria-label="Language">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><line x1="2" y1="12" x2="22" y2="12"/><path d="M12 2a15.3 15.3 0 0 1 4 10 15.3 15.3 0 0 1-4 10 15.3 15.3 0 0 1-4-10 15.3 15.3 0 0 1 4-10z"/></svg>
- EN
- </button>
- <ul class="lang-popup">
-
- <li><a href="#" data-lang="en">EN</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="#" data-lang="ja">JA</a></li>
-
- </ul>
- </div>
-
- </div>
- <button class="sidebar-toggle" aria-label="Menu">☰</button>
- </div>
- </header>
-
- <div class="layout has-sidebar">
-
- <aside class="sidebar">
- <nav class="sidebar-nav">
-
- <div class="nav-section">
- <a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/" class="nav-section-title active">A Tour of cpp-httplib</a>
-
- <ul class="nav-list">
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/01-getting-started/" class="">Getting Started</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/02-basic-client/" class="">Basic Client</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/03-basic-server/" class="active">Basic Server</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/04-static-file-server/" class="">Static File Server</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/05-tls-setup/" class="">TLS Setup</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/06-https-client/" class="">HTTPS Client</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/07-https-server/" class="">HTTPS Server</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/08-websocket/" class="">WebSocket</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/cpp-httplib/en/tour/09-whats-next/" class="">What's Next</a></li>
-
- </ul>
-
- </div>
-
- </nav>
- </aside>
- <main class="content">
- <article>
- <h1>Basic Server</h1>
- <p>In the previous chapter, you sent requests from a client to a test server. Now let's walk through how that server actually works.</p>
- <h2>Starting the Server</h2>
- <p>Once you've registered your routes, call <code>svr.listen()</code> to start the server.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">listen</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">0.0.0.0</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", </span><span style="color:#d08770;">8080</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">);
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.listen(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"0.0.0.0"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#0086b3;">8080</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>The first argument is the host, and the second is the port. <code>"0.0.0.0"</code> listens on all network interfaces. Use <code>"127.0.0.1"</code> if you want to accept connections from your own machine only.</p>
- <p><code>listen()</code> is a blocking call. It won't return until the server stops. The server keeps running until you press <code>Ctrl+C</code> in your terminal or call <code>svr.stop()</code> from another thread.</p>
- <h2>Routing</h2>
- <p>Routing is the heart of any server. It's how you tell cpp-httplib: when a request comes in for this URL with this HTTP method, run this code.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">httplib::Server svr;
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/hi</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Hello!</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">httplib::Server svr;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/hi"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const</span><span style="color:#323232;"> httplib::Request </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">&</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, httplib::Response </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">&</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Hello!"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p><code>svr.Get()</code> registers a handler for GET requests. The first argument is the path, the second is the handler function. When a GET request arrives at <code>/hi</code>, your lambda runs.</p>
- <p>There's a method for each HTTP verb.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/path</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", handler); </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// GET
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/path</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", handler); </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// POST
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Put</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/path</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", handler); </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// PUT
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Delete</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/path</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", handler); </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// DELETE
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/path"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, handler); </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// GET
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/path"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, handler); </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// POST
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">svr.Put(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/path"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, handler); </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// PUT
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">svr.Delete(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/path"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, handler); </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// DELETE
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>The handler signature is <code>(const httplib::Request &req, httplib::Response &res)</code>. You can use <code>auto</code> to keep it short.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/hi</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Hello!</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/hi"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Hello!"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>The handler only runs when the path matches. Requests to unregistered paths automatically return 404.</p>
- <h2>The Request Object</h2>
- <p>The first parameter <code>req</code> gives you everything the client sent.</p>
- <h3>Body</h3>
- <p><code>req.body</code> holds the request body as a <code>std::string</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// Echo the body back to the client
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">body</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/post"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// Echo the body back to the client
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(req.body, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>Headers</h3>
- <p>Use <code>req.get_header_value()</code> to read a request header.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/check</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> auth = req.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">get_header_value</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Authorization</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Auth: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + auth, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/check"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> auth </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.get_header_value(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Authorization"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Auth: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> auth, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>Query Parameters and Form Data</h3>
- <p><code>req.get_param_value()</code> retrieves a parameter by name. It works for both GET query parameters and POST form data.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/search</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> q = req.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">get_param_value</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">q</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Query: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + q, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/search"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> q </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.get_param_value(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"q"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Query: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> q, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>A request to <code>/search?q=cpp-httplib</code> gives you <code>"cpp-httplib"</code> for <code>q</code>.</p>
- <p>To loop over all parameters, use <code>req.params</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/submit</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> std::string result;
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">for </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&[key, val] : req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> result += key + "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> = </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + val + "</span><span style="color:#96b5b4;">\n</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">";
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> }
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(result, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/submit"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> std::string result;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">for </span><span style="color:#323232;">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">[key, val] </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">:</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.params) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> result </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> key </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" = " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> val </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">"</span><span style="color:#0086b3;">\n</span><span style="color:#183691;">"</span><span style="color:#323232;">;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> }
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(result, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>File Uploads</h3>
- <p>Files uploaded via multipart form data are available through <code>req.form.get_file()</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/upload</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> f = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">form</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">get_file</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">file</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> content = f.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">filename </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">+ "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> (</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">std::to_string</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(f.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">size</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">()) + "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> bytes)</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">";
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(content, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/upload"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> f </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.form.get_file(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"file"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> content </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> f.filename </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" (" </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#323232;">std::to_string(f.content.size()) </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" bytes)"</span><span style="color:#323232;">;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(content, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p><code>f.filename</code> gives you the filename, and <code>f.content</code> gives you the file data.</p>
- <h2>Path Parameters</h2>
- <p>Sometimes you want to capture part of the URL as a variable -- for example, the <code>42</code> in <code>/users/42</code>. Use the <code>:param</code> syntax to do that.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/users/:id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">path_params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">at</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">User ID: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + id, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/users/:id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.path_params.at(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"User ID: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>A request to <code>/users/42</code> gives you <code>"42"</code> from <code>req.path_params.at("id")</code>. <code>/users/100</code> gives you <code>"100"</code>.</p>
- <p>You can capture multiple segments at once.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/users/:user_id/posts/:post_id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> user_id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">path_params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">at</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">user_id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> post_id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">path_params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">at</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">post_id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">User: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + user_id + "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">, Post: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + post_id, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/users/:user_id/posts/:post_id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> user_id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.path_params.at(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"user_id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> post_id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.path_params.at(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"post_id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"User: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> user_id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">", Post: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> post_id, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>Regex Patterns</h3>
- <p>You can also write a regular expression directly in the path instead of <code>:param</code>. Capture group values are available via <code>req.matches</code>, which is a <code>std::smatch</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#65737e;">// Only accept numeric IDs
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">R</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">"(</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/files/(\d+)</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">)", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">matches</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">[</span><span style="color:#d08770;">1</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">]; </span><span style="color:#65737e;">// First capture group
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">File ID: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">std::string</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(id), "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// Only accept numeric IDs
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">R</span><span style="color:#183691;">"(/files/(\d+))"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.matches[</span><span style="color:#0086b3;">1</span><span style="color:#323232;">]; </span><span style="font-style:italic;color:#969896;">// First capture group
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"File ID: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#323232;">std::string(id), </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p><code>/files/42</code> matches, but <code>/files/abc</code> doesn't. This is handy when you want to constrain what values are accepted.</p>
- <h2>Building a Response</h2>
- <p>The second parameter <code>res</code> is how you send data back to the client.</p>
- <h3>Body and Content-Type</h3>
- <p><code>res.set_content()</code> sets the body and Content-Type. That's all you need for a 200 response.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/hi</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Hello!</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/hi"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Hello!"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>Status Code</h3>
- <p>To return a different status code, assign to <code>res.status</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/not-found</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">status </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">= </span><span style="color:#d08770;">404</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">;
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Not found</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/not-found"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.status </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">= </span><span style="color:#0086b3;">404</span><span style="color:#323232;">;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Not found"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h3>Response Headers</h3>
- <p>Add response headers with <code>res.set_header()</code>.</p>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/with-header</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_header</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">X-Custom</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">my-value</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Hello!</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/with-header"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_header(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"X-Custom"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"my-value"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Hello!"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <h2>Walking Through the Test Server</h2>
- <p>Now let's use what we've learned to read through the test server from the previous chapter.</p>
- <h3>GET /hi</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/hi</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Hello!</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/hi"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Hello!"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>The simplest possible handler. We don't need any information from the request, so the <code>req</code> parameter is left unnamed. It just returns <code>"Hello!"</code>.</p>
- <h3>GET /search</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/search</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> q = req.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">get_param_value</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">q</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">Query: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + q, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/search"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> q </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.get_param_value(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"q"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"Query: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> q, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p><code>req.get_param_value("q")</code> pulls out the query parameter <code>q</code>. A request to <code>/search?q=cpp-httplib</code> returns <code>"Query: cpp-httplib"</code>.</p>
- <h3>POST /post</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">body</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/post"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(req.body, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>An echo server. Whatever body the client sends, <code>req.body</code> holds it, and we send it straight back.</p>
- <h3>POST /submit</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/submit</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> std::string result;
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">for </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&[key, val] : req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> result += key + "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> = </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + val + "</span><span style="color:#96b5b4;">\n</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">";
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> }
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(result, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/submit"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> std::string result;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">for </span><span style="color:#323232;">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">[key, val] </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">:</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.params) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> result </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> key </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" = " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> val </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">"</span><span style="color:#0086b3;">\n</span><span style="color:#183691;">"</span><span style="color:#323232;">;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> }
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(result, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>Loops over the form data in <code>req.params</code> using structured bindings (<code>auto &[key, val]</code>) to unpack each key-value pair.</p>
- <h3>POST /upload</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Post</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/upload</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> f = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">form</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">get_file</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">file</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> content = f.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">filename </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">+ "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> (</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">std::to_string</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(f.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">size</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">()) + "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;"> bytes)</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">";
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(content, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Post(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/upload"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> f </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.form.get_file(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"file"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> content </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> f.filename </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" (" </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#323232;">std::to_string(f.content.size()) </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#183691;">" bytes)"</span><span style="color:#323232;">;
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(content, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>Receives a file uploaded via multipart form data. <code>req.form.get_file("file")</code> fetches the field named <code>"file"</code>, and we respond with the filename and size.</p>
- <h3>GET /users/:id</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/users/:id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">path_params</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">at</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">id</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">User ID: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + id, "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"/users/:id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.path_params.at(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"id"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"User ID: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id, </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p><code>:id</code> is the path parameter. <code>req.path_params.at("id")</code> retrieves its value. <code>/users/42</code> gives you <code>"42"</code>, <code>/users/alice</code> gives you <code>"alice"</code>.</p>
- <h3>GET /files/(\d+)</h3>
- <div class="code-block-wrapper"><div data-code-theme="dark"><pre style="background-color:#2b303b;">
- <span style="color:#c0c5ce;">svr.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">Get</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">R</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">"(</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">/files/(\d+)</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">)", [](</span><span style="color:#b48ead;">const auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&req, </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">&res) {
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> </span><span style="color:#b48ead;">auto</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> id = req.</span><span style="color:#bf616a;">matches</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">[</span><span style="color:#d08770;">1</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">];
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;"> res.</span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">set_content</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">("</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">File ID: </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">" + </span><span style="color:#8fa1b3;">std::string</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">(id), "</span><span style="color:#a3be8c;">text/plain</span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">");
- </span><span style="color:#c0c5ce;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div><div data-code-theme="light"><pre style="background-color:#ffffff;">
- <span style="color:#323232;">svr.Get(</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">R</span><span style="color:#183691;">"(/files/(\d+))"</span><span style="color:#323232;">, [](</span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">const auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">req, </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto &</span><span style="color:#323232;">res) {
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">auto</span><span style="color:#323232;"> id </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">=</span><span style="color:#323232;"> req.matches[</span><span style="color:#0086b3;">1</span><span style="color:#323232;">];
- </span><span style="color:#323232;"> res.set_content(</span><span style="color:#183691;">"File ID: " </span><span style="font-weight:bold;color:#a71d5d;">+ </span><span style="color:#323232;">std::string(id), </span><span style="color:#183691;">"text/plain"</span><span style="color:#323232;">);
- </span><span style="color:#323232;">});
- </span></pre>
- </div></div>
- <p>The regex <code>(\d+)</code> matches numeric IDs only. <code>/files/42</code> hits this handler, but <code>/files/abc</code> returns 404. <code>req.matches[1]</code> retrieves the first capture group.</p>
- <h2>Next Steps</h2>
- <p>You now have the full picture of how a server works. Routing, reading requests, building responses -- that's enough to build a real API server.</p>
- <p>Next, let's look at serving static files. We'll build a server that delivers HTML and CSS.</p>
- <p><strong>Next:</strong> <a href="../04-static-file-server">Static File Server</a></p>
- </article>
- </main>
- </div>
- <footer class="footer">
- © 2026 Yuji Hirose. All rights reserved.
- </footer>
- <!-- Search modal -->
- <div class="search-overlay" id="search-overlay">
- <div class="search-modal">
- <div class="search-input-wrap">
- <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"/><line x1="21" y1="21" x2="16.65" y2="16.65"/></svg>
- <input type="text" id="search-input" placeholder="Search..." autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
- <kbd class="search-esc">ESC</kbd>
- </div>
- <ul class="search-results" id="search-results"></ul>
- </div>
- </div>
- <script src="/cpp-httplib/js/main.js"></script>
- </body>
- </html>
|